Method for forming nuts



R. L. WILCOX. METHOD FOR FORMING NUTS.

Patented Mar. 7, 1922.

i W 2d 7 W 1 v V, mm M m w 0 H To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, RICHARD LESTER WIL- oox, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Waterbury, county of New of Connecticut,

nuts of any have any cross section but which are usuallysquare or hexagonal, has been accompanied by considerable waste of material, particularly when nuts of the larger sizes are to be formed and also having a finished exterior are desired.

In some of the methods in which the least waste of material occurs, it is found that the nuts are relatively weak and are subject to splitting because of the direction in which .the blank material has been rolled before the nuts are formed from it. In other involves expense in forming the besides, waste is involved the bar into lengths for the nuts.

One 0 the objects of my invention is to providea methodfor forming nuts in which form of the blank illustrates mechanism for cutting a wire length; and 10, inclusive, illustrate sets I Specification of Letters Patent.

to improveparticularly when nuts the blank has of illustration I have adopted,

Serial N 0. 473,048.

of tools with the blank therein, the several operations of my miiy be performed.

original blank. small diameter by which new method vas compared with greater length than the thickness as will be seen by a comparison of F igs. 1 and 5, the latter showing the finished Preferably,

from wire 0 material but the blank, however, may be of cast metal if desired.

In Fig. 2 is shown the blank after having been subjected to the first step of the preferred form of my method. In this figure, been coned from each end so that the blank is now Inadeup of two frustums of pyramids l1 and 12 placed base to base. For certain purposes, such as convenience of manufacture I preferably make one of these frustums longer than the other, g 2. Also preferably, as the is formed in appropriate form a depression in either end of the blank, as indicated in dotted lines at 13, 13.

In Fig. 3, the blank is shown after having been compressed to complete the external shape of the rough blank. A fin 14 may be and frequently is left on the exterior of the )lank after completion of this operation. While the shape of Fig. 3 is being made from nut blank from either end preferably Preferably, at the same time also countersink the holes 15,

such holes;

After the holes 15, 16 are pierced metal between them and root size to the hole 17, through the nut. the proper size'for the tap by which the nut is ultimately to be threaded.

I now trim the exterior of, the nut in any so as to remove the also to give the corwhich now extends Patented Mar. 7, 1922. Application filed November 7, 1918, Serial No. 261,542. Renewed May 27, 19.21.

the drawings 1Q (Fig. 1) represents the This blank is of relatively blank is shaped, as in Fig. 3, the

appropriate Way as, for instance, by forcing them through trimming dies. As thus trimmed, the nut-is shown in Fig. 5.

As a last step, the nut is tapped'in the usual way and by virtue of counters nking at 18, 19, the burr which is ordinarily thrown up by the tap is avoided, so that it 1s not necessary to remove such burr when finishing the upper and lower faces'of the nut. 1f the ,nut were not countersunk at 18, 19, as shown, this burr would be thrown up above the surface of the nut, necess tating the facing of the nuts to remove this burr.

While preferably ll begin the forming of the polygonal shape in the coning operation of Fig. 2, as shown in the drawings,it will be obvious that this is not essential. The blank may be coned so that the blank of Fig. 2 will consist of two frustums of cones, base to base, while Figs. 3 and 4 will be circular in cross section instead of polygonal. The polygonal shape will then be given in trimming the blank of Fig. l to form the shape of Fig. 5. While preferably ll cone the blank 10 so as to insure the easy flow of the material into the desired shape, for some purposes, and particularly for some shapes, such coning operation will be unnecessary and the blank may be formed at once into the desired external shape.

It will be seen that, by my improved method, the only metal which is wasted is the small amount remaining between the holes 15, -16 and the amount which will be trimmed from the exterior of the blank. Moreover, by reason of the compression of the material in the forming operation, a nut of great strength will have been formed, because the metal has been compressed in bein forced to flow into the new shape.

hile I have shownthe formation of a hexagon nut for purpose of illustration, it will be understood that any other desired shape may be produced in a similar manner .by appropriately shaped tools.

While the tools necessary to cut oil the blank or to perform other operations of my invention constitute no part thereof, 1 have, however, illustrated one form or set of such tools as will answer the purpose, this showing by drawing and specification being incorporated merely for the purpose of illustration.

In Figure 6 the numeral 20 designates the die, 21 the wire length therein, and 22 a cutter that moves by any convenient mechanism at right angles to the axis of the wire length and successively cuts off portions thereof to produce a blank which by my improved method is formed into a nut, one of such blanks being shown in said figure.

In Figure '7 the two dies are respectively designated 23 and 2 1, between which is shown a cross section of a blank illustrated aaoaerr the depressions 13 in the oppoin Figure 2, h

site ends thereof being produced by punches 25 and 2b.

In Figure 8 the dies are respectively designated 27 and 28, the openings 15 and 16 in the blank being respe tively formed by the punches 29 and 30.

In Figure 9 the die is designated by the reference numeral 31 and the punc byl the reference numeral 32, this latter punch being connected with the die 33, and produces the blank shown in Figure 4c. a

In Figure 1.0 the punch is designated by the reference numeral 34: and the die by the reference numeral 35, which latter die may be, if desired, associated with the second die 36, whereby as the nuts are forced therethrough they are given a subsequent shearing out. p

ln the drawings, for convenience, the tools performing the successive operations are shown directly above the blank as produced thereby and the blank is carried automatically from one set of tools to the next set of tools by fingers or carrying devices, or may be fed to each of the successive operations by hand, if desired.

What I claim as new and desire to secure LettersPatent, is 1- 1. The method of forming a polygonal nut from a blank which comprises coning the blank fromeach end and, at the same time giving the blank a section crudely approximating the shape of the finished "nut, then completing the external formation of the rough'nut in compression tools and, at the same time, forming a central hole in the blank at each end with the edges of the holes countersunk, leaving a portion of the metal between the ends of the holes, then removing the metal between the holes to form a central opening through the blank, then trimmin the blank to the size and shape of the finis ed nut and finally tapping the blank. 2. The method of forming a polygonal nut from a blank which comprises coning the blank from each end, then completing the extcrminal formation of the rough nut in compression tools and at the same time forming a central hole in the blank at each end wit es of the holes countersunk, leavin a portion of the metal between the ends 0 the holes, then removing the metal between the holes to form a central opening throu h the blank, then trimmin the blank tot e size and shape of the finis ed nut and finally tapping the blank.

- 3. The method of forming a polygonal nut from a. blank which compri'sesconing the blank from eachend, then completing the external formation of the rough nut in compression tools and at the same'time, forming a central hole in the blank at each end, leaving a portion of the metal between the ends of the holes, then removing the metal be tween the holes to form a central opening through the blank, then trimming the blank to the size and shape of the finished nut and finally tapping the blank.

4. The method of forming a nut which comprises the of compression tools to each end of a blank that is of greater length than the thickness of the finished nut, whereby the cross-sectional area and the length of the b ank is caused to approximate that of the finished nut, and at the same time forming a'central hole in the blank at each end, with a portion of the metal interlined between the ends of the holes and then removing said interlined metal and trimming the blank to the size and shape of the nished nut.

5. The method of forming a polygonal article from a cylindrical blank which comforming a central hole in the blank at each end, leaving a portion of the metal between the ends of the holes, then removing the metal between the holes to form a central opening through the blank, and then trimming the blank to the size and shape of the finished article.

y prises the application of comfpression is o greater length than the thickness of the finished nut and at the same time forming-a central hole in each end, with a portion of the metal trimming the blank to the finished nut.

7. he method of forming a nut which comprises the application of compression a blank and forming a central hole in each end thereof, with a portion of the metal interlined between the ends of the holes, lined metal and trimming the blank to the size and shape of the finished nut.

8. The method of forming a polygonal article from a cylindrical blank which compressure in a plane parallel to the end of the blank and forming a central hole in each end thereof, leaving a portion of the metal between the ends of the I holes, then removing the metal between the holes to form a central opening through the blank and then trimming the blank to the size and shape of the finished article.

RICHARD LESTER WILCOX.

then removmg said lnter- 

